The mid-cycle refresh of the 2020 Cadillac XT5 brings it in line with the smaller XT4 and new XT6 the latter well be getting full details on July 29. Yes, when the XT5 lands this September it will be offered in Luxury, Premium Luxury and Sport models.The last two can be optioned up to the Platinum trim, which includes upgraded leather and advanced safety aids like adaptive cruise control and full-speed auto emergency braking.In all cases, the XT5 has sharper exterior styling with a new mesh-like grille, LED headlights and daytime running lights along with the equipment preferred by luxury crossover buyers: heated leather seats; the next-gen Cadillac User Experience (CUE) system with a large touchscreen; and a 360-degree camera view. The latest CUE system has a new controller that now includes a jog function, which makes it easier to navigate from one facet to another.On the safety front, the XT5s features list includes lane-departure warning with keep-assist; low-speed forward collision avoidance; and auto high-beams.The XT5 Luxury arrives with a 2.0-litre turbocharged four-cylinder that produces 237 horsepower and 258 foot-pounds of torque. It drives the front wheels through a nine-speed automatic transmission. The Premium Luxury uses the same engine and transmission, but it drives all four wheels through the companys single-clutch AWD system. This model can also be optioned up to the engine featured in the Sport model a brawny 3.6-litre V6 that makes 310 hp and 271 foot-pounds of torque.The Sport sits out on its own with its powerful engine and nine-speed automatic driving all four wheels through a slick twin-clutch all-wheel-drive system. The plus here is that the two clutches in the rear axle module give it torque vectoring some will argue that it is not real-time, but it is way better than any brake-based system.The clutches in the rear differential send more power to the outside rear wheel in a corner if required the system is capable of sending 100 per cent of the drive to the outside wheel. This action sharpens the turn-in response, reduces understeer and the amount of steering wheel input required. The Sport model also ups the ante with 20-inch wheels, tauter suspension, adaptive damping and a faster steering ratio. Finally, the refreshed XT5 uses Cadillacs new naming strategy. It is loosely based on the torque output of the engine under the hood of the vehicle. There will be a number of designations including the 400 found on the XT5 Sport. The reason for the switch is to accommodate the electric era when it finally comes of age torque will become the dominant number and replace horsepowers importance in the process.In this case, the 400 badge tells the onlooker the engine has roughly 400 Newton-metres of torque on tap. Yes, a new naming system using a unit of measure thats foreign to North America. Regardless, in simple terms, the XT5 Sports V6 pushes 271 pound-feet of torque, or about 367-Nm of torque. Round that number up and you have the 400 designation. If youre confused, you are not alone.Full Canadian specifications and final pricing will be announced closer to the September launch
Origin: Fresher look, more amenities and new naming strategy usher in 2020 Cadillac XT5
New Audi A1 Citycarver arrives as rugged supermini
Audi has unveiled the A1 Citycarver as a more rugged, off-road-inspired version of its compact supermini to rival the Ford Fiesta Active. Based on the standard A1 Sportback, the Citycarver receives roughly 2in of additional ground clearance with the addition of larger wheels and an upgraded suspension set-up. However, it is positioned as a more city-focused ‘urban crossover’ than the brand’s fully-fledged Allroad models. Adding to its robust image is a protective bodykit similar to that fitted to Audi’s range of larger Allroad models, comprising contrasting wheel arches and side sills, with a stainless steel skidplate enhancing the supermini’s off-road credibility and durability. At the front, the Citycarver is differentiated from the standard A1 with two distinctive slots below the bonnet shut line and a matt black honeycomb grille, while the rear bumper has been redesigned to more closely resemble Audi’s Q2 and Q3 compact SUVs. The Citycarver can be equipped with two petrol engines taken from the A1 line-up: the 114bhp 1.0-litre, three-cylinder turbocharged 30 TFSI engine, or the larger 148bhp 1.5-litre 35 TFSI. Nine colours are available, with buyers able to select a grey or black contrasting roof. The stainless steel and grey exterior trim elements can be finished in black with the addition of an optional styling package. Inside, trim accents finished in copper, mint, orange or grey mark the Citycarver out from the standard A1. A 10.1in touchscreen, voice control, Bang and Olufsen sound system and digital instrument cluster feature as standard, too. Three trim levels will be available at launch. Design Selection adds interior mood lighting over entry-level Advanced, with range-topping S Line offering a leather interior, roof spoiler and larger alloy wheels. To celebrate the new model’s arrival, a special edition will be available for a limited time. The A1 Citycarver Edition One is finished in grey or orange, sits atop range-topping 18in alloy wheels, has tinted light clusters and features black exterior trim all round. The A1 Citycarver will be available to order in the UK from September, with deliveries to follow later in Autumn. Prices are yet to be announced, but given the level of standard equipment equipped it can be expected to exceed £30,000 in higher
Origin: New Audi A1 Citycarver arrives as rugged supermini
Under the skin: How manufacturers are preserving pistons
“Reports of my death are greatly exaggerated,” said Mark Twain after an erroneously posted obituary. It’s pretty much what every internal combustion engine would say, too, if they could speak. While hysteria over the car’s contribution to emissions reaches epic proportions, engineers everywhere are working hard to improve internal combustion engines (ICEs) to drive toxic and CO2 emissions down. The Hyundai Motor Group’s new CVVD (continuously variable valve duration) technology is the latest ICE development to break cover. It’s another example of how new engineering techniques are enabling engineers to revisit the engine fundamentals to leap technical barriers that were once insurmountable. CVVD on the new Smartstream G1.6 T-GDi engine, to be fitted to both Hyundai and Kia cars, improves performance by 4%, fuel efficiency by 5% and emissions by 12%. Inlet and exhaust valves in the cylinder head of an engine let fuel and air in and exhaust out. When they open and close and by how much depends on what an engine is designed to do. Valves are opened by cams, offset lobes positioned along a camshaft, one for each valve. So a four-cylinder four-valves-per-cylinder twin-cam engine would have an exhaust cam and an inlet cam, each with eight cam lobes, one for each valve. The shape of the cams is designed to control the lift and the duration (length of time they stay open). How progressively they open and close and at what speed is down to the shape of the cam. In engine tuning, there are lots of different camshafts to choose from to give the characteristics the engine builder wants. The design for a normal, tractable family car engine at one end of the scale will be totally different from the ‘hot cam’ of a race engine at the other. Clever tech such as BMW’s Vanos varies the valve timing (when the valves begin to open and in relation to the position of the piston and moment of combustion). A second system, Valvetronic, can alter valve lift. Used together, both timing and lift are variable. The ingenious Multiair system, developed by Fiat Powertrain Technologies with the Schaeffler Group, can vary both timing and lift with some cunning electro-hydraulics. Jaguar Land Rover also uses a version of the Schaeffler tech on its Ingenium petrol engine. Honda’s famous VTEC cam-switching system is devilishly clever but simple by comparison. It has two cam lobes per valve arranged in pairs on the camshaft. The engine can select a softer, more tractable profile at lower engine speeds and switches to the hotter profile to get more gas in and out at higher revs for maximum power. CVVD works on the inlet valves (but can be applied to the exhaust valves, too) by moving the centre line of the camshaft slightly from side to side, altering the position of cam lobes on the valves. CVVD is yet another step forward in the history of the ICE, and although most bases in terms of engine breathing have probably been covered now, don’t be surprised if engineers find some more tweaks to improve efficiency still further over the next few years. Pump it up Fiat’s Multiair system can control lift and, to a lesser extent, timing but not duration. Instead of acting directly on the top of the valves, the cams operate tiny oil pumps in the cylinder head, generating hydraulic pressure to open the valves. Electronically controlled bleed valves can release pressure to alter how much the valves open and make them open later or close
Origin: Under the skin: How manufacturers are preserving pistons
Lotus updates 2020 Evora GT with a laundry list of performance goodies
2020 Lotus Evora GTLotus Lotus has taken its flagship light sportscar, the Evora 410, and added more of everything that makes a sports car great to create the Evora GT more lightness, more downforce, and more power.To reduce weight, the rear bumper, front fenders, rear wheel arch vents, Sparco bucket seats, and side sills are carbon fibre, and if you want it even lighter, you can spec the door sills, rear diffuser, and rear trunk hatch in carbon fibre as well.With all that extra weight taken off, Lotus added a new front splitter and rear diffuser, giving the Evora GT an extra 141 pounds of downforce to keep it stuck to the ground. The side of the car is also sculpted to reduce drag, and front wheel arch louvres and carbon fibre ducts behind the rear wheels vent away high-pressure air. Power comes from a Toyota-sourced V6, and although that doesnt sound that interesting at first, 416 horsepower from 3.5 supercharged litres should change your mind thats an extra six horsepower over the Evora 410. The engine sits behind the driver and is paired to a six-speed manual, letting the Lotus hop from zero to 96 km/h in 3.8 seconds a tenth of a second quicker than the available automatic. As for torque, 317 lb.-ft. is available on manual cars, while the automatic gets 332. Michelin Pilot Sport Cup 2 tires are wrapped around 19-inch forged wheels, and lightweight two-piece disc brakes bring it all to a halt.As Lotus gears up to release the Evija and trigger the beginning of the end of its gasoline-powered sports cars, the Evora GT surely be remembered as one of the greats. Well be sad to see it go, but well love to watch it leave.Canadian pricing has not been announced, but in the U.S., the Evora GT will start at
Origin: Lotus updates 2020 Evora GT with a laundry list of performance goodies
Hitting a moose can leave you like ‘wincemeat’
When youre dealing with the potential to hit a moose, always stay alert.Lorraine Sommerfeld / Driving We recently showed you the best way to smack your car into wildlife, if you had no other choice. In fact, many Canadians already know hitting a moose is the most deadly wildlife scenario on many of our roads.Think youd be the one who could avoid it? This video from the CBC might change your mind. Clear conditions, driving under the speed limit, great visibility, and then POW. Warning: the video will make you flinch.In Newfoundland, within minutes of driving on any highway, youll notice huge signs letting you know how many crashes many fatal for both the moose and car occupants have occurred thus far in the year. Its a sobering realization that no matter how aware and prepared you think you might be, the possiblility should never be far from your thoughts.Newfoundland didnt have any moose until 1904, when four of the beasts were introduced to the island from New Brunswick. It was thought they could be used for trophy hunters, and to provide meat for workers in the forestry and mining industries. Estimates today suggest over 100,000 of the descendants of the original four now populate
Origin: Hitting a moose can leave you like ‘wincemeat’
BMW boss confirms next M3, M4 will get a manual transmission
BMWs M division is sticking by manual transmissions and RWD – for now, at least.Handout / BMW BMW will give the people what they want a manual transmission in the hot versions of the next-generation 3 and 4 Series cars.In an interview with BMW Blog, BMW M head Markus Flasch explained although the next M3 and M4 will have optional all-wheel-drive, the company is still keeping driving enthusiasts in mind.Its a bit early to disclose all the details, but something I want to highlight is that we will have a manual stick shift, he said. Weve already disclosed we will have the option of four-wheel drive. Weve not decided which variant, which system, but everything thats on our current lineup think of the M5 can be made available. The M3 and M4, Ive driven the pre-production cars and theyre already fantastic. This is good news. BMW was once known for fantastic drivers cars, but these days, the general consensus is that the Bavarian brand has recently become muddied with the introduction of SUVs, not to mention building a car for almost every segment. Flasch even admits while manuals arent particularly fast, theyre still important.The manual stick shift is not a performance-bringer, because an automatic transmission is just faster, you can ask any race driver, he said. But it gives the vehicle character and I kind of compare it to people who love mechanical watches it isnt more precise and it doesnt have any advantage at all, but its a character feature. So is a stick shift.All this means if you want a manual, youll have to step up to the M3 or M4, instead of the lesser 3 or 4 Series. We dont really have a problem with that, though, because the manual transmission is more or less a device reserved for people who enjoy using it, rather than as a means to cut costs. The M3 and M4 are built for driving pleasure, and were glad BMW recognizes this doesnt always mean speed, but rather a connection to the car
Origin: BMW boss confirms next M3, M4 will get a manual transmission
Used car guide: the best second-hand Bentleys from £8000
One of the more implausible stunts I managed to pull off was back in 2005 when I took a brand-new Bentley Flying Spur to the Nardo test track to find its true top speed. Bentley had said 195mph for the 552bhp, 2.5-tonne monster, but I knew it was always conservative with such claims. Could it go faster? Could it, whisper it, do 200mph? So what I should have done is just gone round the track as fast as I could go and see what number came up on the GPS. But that was far too easy and insufficiently Bentley. So when I headed up onto the track it was with four people on board, air conditioning on, front and rear seat coolers refrigerating our nether regions and the two in the back pretending to read newspapers. With an all-up weight of nearly three tonnes, the fact that above 150mph the Nardo bowl turns into one endless tyre-scrubbing, speed-sapping corner and a 36.5deg C ambient temperature, could it possibly do 200mph? It could, and also 201, 202 and all the way up to 208mph, too. And even then it only stop accelerating because I hit the rev-limiter in top gear. It seems not so much faintly implausible as utterly ludicrous that such performance is now available to anyone with the price of a new Ford Fiesta in their pockets. But that’s the way it is: early, high-mileage but still clean-and-tidy Spurs can be bought for around £15,000 – or about £100,000 less than when they were new. And here’s the thing: back then, the Spur was actually a better car than the Continental GT coupé from which it was derived. When new, the Conti had two problems that degraded its credibility as a super sporting GT: it was far too heavy and didn’t sound nearly distinctive enough. But what were flaws in the GT were attributes in the Spur: that heft gave it the primary ride characteristics you’d want from a large and imposing luxury saloon, even if the secondary ride was never as good as it should have been. And the engine? Its dulled tones were so much less important in such a car; indeed, its quiet voice was a positive bonus. And the rest was fabulous. When new, it was more powerful than the most powerful Ferrari on sale. Despite its size and weight, it would pop sub-5.0sec 0-60mph times and this, remember, is not the still more gutsy ‘Speed’ version we’re talking about, just the everyday standard product. Why are they so cheap today? Luxury saloons aren’t cool and never have been. Almost all made in reasonable numbers plummet in value and just because this one is a Bentley does not make it an exception. That, coupled with the fact that Bentley oversupplied the market with cars in the early years. But there’s nothing wrong with the car itself. They didn’t just look built to last, they really were, and come with remarkably few horror stories. The engines and transmissions are fairly bombproof if properly maintained, and a Spur will tolerate years of being taken for granted without turning into a sloppy, creaking and rattling shadow of its former self. A Spur is not for everyone and, even it’s for you, the usual caveats about known provenance and service history stand. But the very fact such a superbly crafted, astonishingly fast and amazingly robust car is available for so little money has to be good news; the added fact that it also happens to be a Bentley is perhaps what’s most incredible of all. Here’s some more flying B-badged gems you could pick from the classifieds: The second-generation Azure may look a bit old hat with its land-yacht proportions and breeze-block styling. However, there are bits of carbonfibre in its construction (a first for a road-going Bentley) and it’s got a top speed of 174mph – provided that the roof is up. It’s rare, mind, with prices starting at £100,000. Turbo R (1985-1999): They might have been opulent, but the Rolls-derived Bentleys weren’t known for their sporting performance. Enter the turbocharged Mulsanne with formidable straight-line speed and, later, the magnificent Turbo R with a beefed-up suspension for more amiable cornering. Prices start at £10k and work up to £40k for the later ones. Mark VI (1946-1952): The 1946 Mk VI was a huge commercial success and Bentley enthusiasts loved them for the density of their engineering. It was the first complete car built at the Crewe factory, and so impressive that most customers went for the standard steel factory bodies rather than a coachbuilt one. Watch for rust, though, and you’ll need between £25k and £75k for one now. Brooklands (1993-1998; 2008-2011): Confusingly, there were two cars called Brooklands: one was a four-door 1990s saloon that offered nearly everything you could get from the Turbo R without, initially, the turbo; the second was an immense two-door, four-seat pillarless coupé (above) that shared much with the Arnage and the drop-top Azure. Buy the four-door for as little as £8k and the coupé for at least £100k more. Born out of a need to show the Mercedes rivals what for,
Origin: Used car guide: the best second-hand Bentleys from £8000
2020 GMC Sierra, Silverado 1500 diesel tops segment in highway fuel economy ratings
2020 Chevrolet Silverado Diesel In the never-ending Detroit truck wars, manufacturers are looking for any and all advantages with which to beat their competition over the head like a coked-up wrestler towing, payload ratings, and most recently, fuel economy.For 2020, the Chevrolet Silverado and GMC Sierra duo are available with a snazzy new 3.0-litre inline-six diesel engine lashed to a 10-speed automatic transmission. This option allows the truck to cut back on its drinking, with the EPA awarding the powertrain an estimated 7.1 L/100 kilometres (33 miles per gallon) highway fuel economy for rear-wheel drive models. If youre keeping track at home, the other two diesel-powered pickups in the half-ton segment the Ford F-150 and Ram 1500 are rated at 30 and 27 mpg on the highway cycle, respectively. In a market where manufacturers go to great lengths to eke out a single mpg over their rival, GMs accomplishment is remarkable.With 277 horsepower and 460 lb.-ft. of torque on tap, the 3.0L Duramax is the first diesel engine offered in a GM half-ton since 1997. It has an aluminium block, active thermal management to heat critical components more quickly, and an automatic start/stop system. Working in concert with the 10-speed automatic, this power team is one of six in the lineup for 2020. Truck fans of the brand are spoiled for choice. Having sampled the Silverady 1500 Duramax about a month ago, we came away impressed with its drivetrain, providing plenty of shove without clattering like the diesels of old. In terms of price, expect to pay roughly the same premium for the Duramax as one would for the 6.2L V8 in comparison to the 5.3L V8.To be clear, the press bumf specifies the 2020 Chevrolet Silverado as receiving this plaudit, but theres no reason to imagine its GMC twin wont earn the same rating. City economy is pegged at 10.2 L/100 kilometres, or 23 mpg. Models with 44 drivelines are rated at 29 mpg highway and 23 city.While the Silverado outsells the Sierra by a wide margin in the U.S., the Sierra actually outsold the Silverado in Canada last year by about 1,000 units. Expect these Duramax half-tons to show up on dealer lots later this
Origin: 2020 GMC Sierra, Silverado 1500 diesel tops segment in highway fuel economy ratings
EPA balks at automakers’ fuel economy pact with California
A measuring hose for emissions inspections in diesel engines sticks in the exhaust tube of a Volkswagen Golf 2.0 TDI diesel car at a garage in Frankfurt an der Oder, eastern Germany, on October 1, 2015. Four major automakers reached a compromise with Californias clean-air regulator to boost fuel efficiency, a move the Trump administration dismissed as a PR stunt that wouldnt affect its plans to ease mileage requirements enacted during the Obama administration.The joint agreement with Honda, Ford, Volkswagen and BMW amounts to a rebuke of the Trump administrations 2018 proposal that recommended capping mileage requirements at a 37 mile-per-gallon fleet average starting in 2020, instead of eventually rising to 47 mpg.That plan also proposed stripping California of its authority to regulate carbon emissions from vehicle tailpipes.The compromise with California gives participating automakers some relief starting in model year 2022 by easing the pace of annual efficiency gains currently required under the California Air Resources Boards regulations on tailpipe greenhouse gas emissions, and extends the program by one year through 2026. Automakers will also receive additional compliance credits for selling electric vehicles under the plan, among other revisions, the states air pollution regulator said.The Trump administration is hell bent on rolling them back. They are in complete denialism about climate change, Californias Democratic Governor Gavin Newsom told reporters on a media call. Regardless of what the Trump administration determines in the next few weeks, we are moving forward and we reserve our right to litigate.California is in talks with additional automakers that are expected to join the pact as well, Mary Nichols, chairman of the states Air Resources Board, said on the call.In a joint statement, the automakers said the pact with California will provide our companies much-needed regulatory certainty by allowing us to meet both federal and state requirements with a single national fleet, avoiding a patchwork of regulations while continuing to ensure meaningful greenhouse gas emissions reductions.The pact comes as the Environmental Protection Agency and National Highway Traffic Safety Administration are working to finalize their 2018 proposal after discussions with California officials broke down earlier this year.Todays announcement from CARB has no impact on EPAs regulation of greenhouse gas emissions under the Clean Air Act, Michael Abboud, an EPA spokesman, said in an email. This voluntary framework is a PR stunt that does nothing to further the one national standard that will provide certainty and relief for American consumers.In the statement, NHTSA said work continues on a final rule with which all companies must comply. Automakers for months have urged the Trump administration to moderate its rollback, fearing a lengthy legal battle over Californias regulatory powers would throw the critical standards into uncertainty for years. Those efforts have had little sway so far on the White House, which rejected a plea by 17 carmakers last month to work out a compromise with California.The companies also want to avoid a split market with federal mileage requirements in most states and more stringent rules in more than a dozen states that adhere to Californias standards. The states that follow California standards account for more than a third of all U.S. auto sales.General Motors, which did not sign the pact with California, said in a statement its focus remains on working with all parties on a solution that would involve a 50-state solution and a national electric vehicle
Origin: EPA balks at automakers’ fuel economy pact with California
In this file photo, an ice crea truck is parked on King St. West in downtown Toronto.Peter Redman / National Post Just when you think people couldn’t get any worse, they go and get worse.When people bothered by Amber Alerts started making headlines with their calls to 911, most of us shook our heads. Well, I hope most of us did. How a child’s safety — or life — doesn’t trump disrupting your sleep, I’ll never know. Could the system use some tweaking? Sure. And changes to the American system indicate there are ways to make those tweaks without sacrificing their effectiveness.Amber Alerts that happen at night result in the same old walk of shame the next morning — police reporting call after call to 911 complaining. Last week hit a new low: Someone called 911 to report an ice cream truck. Hottest day of the year, and someone called emergency services about an ice cream truck. Sure, the theme song is the world’s most annoying earworm, but dragging on an ice cream truck is like taking a kid’s hopes and dreams and setting them on fire. In 2018, a third of 911 calls made to Hamilton, Ontario police were non-emergencies. So what were they? Asking for the time, reporting a hacked Facebook account, assaulted by a “humping dog”, a weird noise from a light bulb, a cat in front of a house, a cold McDonald’s meal, and asking for the hours of the Beer Store, among others. Perhaps these are all worthy questions, but they’re obviously not emergencies. They may be funny, but the number of resources wasted to deal with this garbage is not.Angry, ignorant, or just thoughtless? Let’s judge how people misusing emergency services!Just because youre annoyed by an ice cream truck or an #AmberAlert, doesnt mean you should call 911. Whats your take on these 911 abusers lately? Check out the full story here: